ἐντολή

Entolḗ, consistently rendered as "commandment" in English translations, denotes an authoritative injunction or precept. In the Septuagint (the Greek translation of the Old Testament), it frequently translates the Hebrew word *mitzvah* (מִצְוָה), which refers to divine commandments given by God, particularly through Moses. Thus, entolḗ carries the weight of a divine directive, demanding obedience and adherence. It often refers to the Mosaic Law as a whole, or specific statutes within it, highlighting God's sovereign authority and his covenant with his people. In the New Testament, entolḗ continues to refer to the commands of God found in the Old Testament, but it also takes on a new and significant dimension through the teachings of Jesus. Jesus affirms the importance of the divine commands, yet he also distills them into core principles, such as the command to love God and neighbor. Indeed, the concept is broadened to include the teachings and directives given by Jesus himself. The "new commandment" that Jesus gives (John 13:34, 1 John 2:7–8) is central to Christian life, emphasizing mutual love among believers. This highlights a shift from a primary focus on external legal adherence to the internal transformation and love empowered by the Holy Spirit. Obedience to these commands becomes a demonstration of love for God and Christ, and a path to intimate fellowship with the divine. The term underscores the active, volitional response required of believers to God's revealed will, forming the foundation of righteous living and spiritual faithfulness.