תְּרוּעָה

The Hebrew noun terûʿâ describes a loud noise or cry, encompassing a wide semantic range from the clamor of battle to shouts of joy. It frequently refers to the sound produced by instruments, particularly the trumpet (šôpār or ḥǎṣōṣərâ), or the collective voice of a crowd. The context is crucial for discerning the specific nuance in any given passage.

In military contexts, terûʿâ signifies a battle cry or the trumpet blast signaling the onset of war or an alarm. This loud, often piercing sound served to rally troops, intimidate enemies, or warn of impending danger. It is also used in a legal sense, as in the day of the Lord, signaling judgment on nations and cities.

The term also conveys expressions of jubilation and worship. It describes the joyful acclamation of a crowd, particularly during religious festivals, the enthronement of a king, or the dedication of sacred structures like the Temple. This joyful shout accompanies musical instruments and singing, expressing communal praise and celebration of God's presence and acts of salvation.

Whether signaling alarm in battle or expressing overwhelming joy in worship, terûʿâ consistently denotes a powerful, public, and often communal auditory event, designed to communicate a significant message or emotion.