אֶבְיָתָר

Abiathar was a significant figure in the Old Testament, serving as a high priest during the united monarchy, primarily alongside Zadok. His lineage can be traced back to Eli through Ahimelech, his father, who was massacred by Saul along with other priests for aiding David.

Abiathar was a loyal companion to David during his flight from Saul, sharing in his afflictions and bearing the ephod for him, which allowed communication with God. He continued to serve as high priest throughout David's kingship, a period marked by the Ark of the Covenant being brought to Jerusalem and the establishment of more organized worship. His role was crucial in providing counsel and performing priestly duties, often appearing in close association with Zadok.

However, Abiathar's fortunes changed after David's reign. He sided with Adonijah, David's son, who attempted to usurp the throne before Solomon was officially appointed. For this disloyalty, Solomon banished Abiathar to Anathoth and removed him from the priesthood, thereby fulfilling a prophecy made against the house of Eli concerning their removal from priestly service. This event marked a significant shift in the priestly line, with Zadok becoming the sole high priest.