πληρόω

The Greek verb *plēróō* has a broad semantic range, encompassing the ideas of physical filling, bringing something to completion, and fulfilling prophecy or law. In its literal sense, it can describe making something full, like a net of fish (Matthew 13:48) or a house with a scent. Metaphorically, it can mean to fill with a quality or emotion, such as being "filled with comfort" (2 Corinthians 7:4). The concept of fulfillment is central to its usage, particularly in the context of divine plans and prophecies. When Scripture is "fulfilled," it signifies that God's purposes and spoken words have come to pass precisely as foretold.

Beyond simple completion, *plēróō* often carries the theological weight of bringing God's intentions to their fullest expression. This can apply to the law, which Christ did not abolish but "fulfilled" (Matthew 5:17) by embodying its true meaning and purpose. It also describes the completion of a divine mission or task, such as an apostle fully preaching the gospel (Romans 15:19). The idea is not merely to finish an activity, but to bring it to its divinely appointed end, often implying a richness or abundance.

In the New Testament, *plēróō* frequently appears in discussions of prophecy. Many passages state that certain events occurred "that the scripture might be fulfilled" (Matthew 13:35, John 13:18, James 2:23). This usage highlights the precision and reliability of God's word, demonstrating that his sovereign plan unfolds in history. The fulfillment of prophecy validates the divine origin of the Scriptures and the messianic claims of Jesus. The concept extends to the church as well, which is described as the "fulness of him that filleth all in all" (Ephesians 1:23), indicating the ongoing work of Christ to bring everything to its intended completion and perfection.