ἐπιτίθημι

The Greek verb *epitíthēmi* fundamentally means "to place upon" or "to set on." This basic sense gives rise to a variety of applications, reflecting the nuanced ways in which one might "lay on" or "put upon" something. It can describe a simple physical action, such as setting a lamp on a stand or placing a hand on someone for healing or blessing. The theological weight of "laying on of hands" is significant in the New Testament, frequently associated with prayer, healing, and the impartation of spiritual gifts or authority. This usage highlights a transfer or connection, often divine in origin.

Beyond the physical, *epitíthēmi* can also convey the idea of imposing something, whether a burden, a name, or even an addition to a written text. The context determines whether this imposition is benign or carries a negative connotation. For instance, Jesus laying hands on children to bless them is clearly benevolent, while the warning in Revelation about anyone adding to the words of prophecy carries a severe consequence. The term thus covers deliberate actions that affect another person or object through superimposition.

This verb is used to describe the act of giving a surname, indicating an identification or designation, as seen when Simon is surnamed Peter. It also appears in contexts of violence or injury, where an attack or wound is "laid upon" someone. The breadth of its semantic range underscores its commonality in ancient Greek, adapting to various situations where one thing is placed or imposed upon another, illustrating both the practical and symbolic dimensions of the action it describes.