בָּחַר

The Hebrew verb בָּחַר (bachar) frequently appears in the Old Testament, carrying the core meaning of to choose or to select. This choosing is not always arbitrary but often implies a discerning process, a careful consideration, or an act of preference. It can be used in various contexts, from human decisions in daily life to the sovereign choices of God. The semantic range of bachar includes both the act of selection and the evaluation that precedes it, often conveying a sense of approval or delight in the chosen object or person. While the English word "choose" captures the essence, bachar often carries a greater weight, particularly when God is the subject.

In theological contexts, bachar is most profoundly used to describe God's election. This divine choosing is a central theme in the Old Testament, referring to God's selection of Abraham and his descendants to be His special people, Israel. This election is not based on Israel's inherent merit or size but on God's sovereign love and purpose. Similarly, God chooses individuals for specific roles, such as priests, prophets, or kings. He also chooses specific places, like Jerusalem, to be the dwelling place for His name. This divine choice highlights God's initiative and His faithfulness to His covenant.

Beyond divine election, bachar also describes human choices, whether good or bad. People choose between different paths, decisions, or loyalties. These choices have consequences, as exemplified by Israel’s choices in Judges that led to war. The concept of choosing implies responsibility and accountability for the path taken. The verb can also express a preference for something considered superior or excellent, as seen in the Song of Solomon where a lover is described as "excellent."

The Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, frequently renders bachar with the Greek verb ἐκλέγομαι (eklegomai), which also means to choose or select. This Greek counterpart carries similar theological weight in the New Testament, where it describes God's election of believers in Christ. Thus, the concept of divine choosing, so prominent in the Old Testament through bachar, continues and deepens in the New Testament, emphasizing God's gracious initiative in salvation.