Σατανᾶς

The Greek term *Satanâs* (Satan) derives from the Hebrew Ha-Satan, meaning "the adversary" or "the accuser." In the New Testament, this proper noun consistently refers to a specific spiritual being who stands in opposition to God and His purposes. Satan is often portrayed as the ultimate source of evil and temptation, working to thwart God's plan for humanity and to lead people astray from righteousness. His influence is felt in various ways, from direct temptation to inspiring false teachings and persecution.

Throughout the New Testament, Satan is depicted as possessing significant power, though always subordinate to God's ultimate authority. He is shown to tempt individuals, as seen in the temptation of Jesus in the wilderness, and to incite wickedness, as exemplified by his filling Ananias's heart to lie. The apostle Paul speaks of delivering individuals to Satan for disciplinary purposes, underscoring the destructive power associated with this evil entity.

Satan is also presented as a deceiver, capable of disguising himself as an "angel of light" to mislead believers. This highlights his cunning and subversive tactics in his ongoing opposition to God's kingdom. The cosmic conflict between good and evil is a continuous theme, with God ultimately triumphing over Satan, as prophesied in Romans 16:20. The New Testament writers consistently warn believers to be vigilant against Satan's schemes and to resist his influence through faith and obedience to God.

While the Old Testament introduces the concept of a divine adversary, the New Testament significantly develops the understanding of Satan as a named, personal adversary of God and humanity, playing a crucial role in biblical theology relating to sin, temptation, and redemption.