ἱμάτιον

Himatiom broadly refers to a piece of clothing, particularly an outer garment. In the ancient world, people typically wore two main garments: an inner tunic (chitōn) and an outer cloak (himatiom). The himatiom was often a rectangular piece of fabric that could be draped in various ways, serving as a cloak, a blanket, or even a bag. Its importance for daily life is underscored by the Mosaic law that prohibited a man from keeping a poor person's himatiom overnight if it had been given as a pledge, because it was often essential for warmth during sleep. The term encompasses a wide semantic range, from everyday wear to more symbolic or significant coverings, and its specific meaning often depends on the context of its usage.

In the New Testament, himatiom frequently appears in narratives involving Jesus and his disciples, often in significant contexts. For instance, it is the garment that people touched in hopes of healing, indicating a belief in Jesus' power that extended even to his clothing. The parting of Jesus' garments by the soldiers at the crucifixion is also depicted using this word, highlighting the fulfilling of prophecy and the depth of his suffering. Additionally, the symbolic use of himatiom, particularly in the book of Revelation, connects it to themes of righteousness and purity, where white garments represent salvation and moral integrity. The metaphorical sense of clothing as a representation of one's spiritual state is a recurring motif.

The himatiom was a distinct garment from the chiton, which was a tunic worn closer to the body. While chiton might be considered an undergarment in the technical sense, both were essential components of daily attire. The himatiom, as the outer layer, often conveyed social status or served practical functions such as protection from the elements. The act of tearing one's himatiom was a common expression of extreme grief, shock, or anger, as seen in various biblical accounts, reflecting its significance as a visible and personal item of clothing. Its usage in the New Testament continues to reflect its importance in both practical and symbolic ways within the daily life and religious understanding of the people.